


Validity įor content validation, MoCA was compared with the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), where correlation was found to be high (r = 0.87, p < 0.001). MoCA has good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.82). MoCA has high test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.92, p < 0.001). It has hardcoded closed captions.Įvidence Reliability

Memory is assessed by a delayed recall of previous answers.Abstraction is assessed by asking about similarities between objects.Language is assessed using sentence repetition and letter F fluency.
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Concentration and calculation are assessed using the letter A tapping test, and serial 7 subtractions.Attention is assessed using the digit span (forward and backward).Visuospatial skills and executive function are assessed using the modified trail-making test, copy of the cube, clock drawing test, and naming. It measures cognition under the following domains: visuospatial skills, executive functions, attention, concentration, calculation, language, abstraction, memory, and orientation. It is a clinician-reported measure that takes about 10 minutes to administer. Progressive deterioration of pattern processing ability: progress from mild cognitive impairment to severe AD
